SODIUM CHLORIDE

9% w/v solution for injection is dependent on the age, weight, clinical status and degree of deficiency, and must be determined on the individual basis.

g. post-operative and in patients with impaired cardiac or renal function) may cause hypernatraemia. Osmotically induced water shift decreases intracellular volume, resulting in dehydration of internal organs, especially the brain, which may lead to thrombosis and haemorrhage.

General adverse effects of sodium chloride excess in the body include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal cramps, thirst, reduced salivary and lachrymal secretions, sweating, fever, hypotension, tachycardia, renal failure, peripheral and pulmonary oedema, respiratory arrest, headache, dizziness, restlessness, irritability, weakness, muscular twitching and rigidity, convulsions, coma and death.

Excess chloride in the body may cause a loss of bicarbonate, with an acidifying effect. With judicious use of intravenous saline therapy these side effects can be avoided. If administered sub-cutaneously, any addition to the isotonic solution could render it hypertonic and cause pain at the site of injection.

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. uk/yellowcard.

9% w/v Solution for Injection, should be administered with caution to patients with congestive cardiac failure, pre-eclampsia, impaired renal function or oedema with sodium retention. Care is also required with administering this solution to very young or to elderly patients.

Pseudohyponatraemia is a condition in which spuriously low concentrations of sodium are found when plasma sodium is measured by conventional methods. It may occur when there is an abnormally high concentration of large molecules and hence an abnormally low percentage of plasma water.

This may occur in hyperlipaemia and hyperproteinaemia and has also been reported in patients with diabetes mellitus. Correct values may be obtained by referring the concentration to plasma water.

9% w/v Solution for Injection