REGIOCIT is a brand name for Sodium Citrate. The medicine, its uses, side effects and dosage are the same regardless of brand.
Used for: Regiocit is indicated as replacement fluid for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) using regional citrate anticoagulation. Citrate is particularly relevant when systemic anticoagulation with heparin is contraindicated, for example in patients with increased bleeding risks. In paediatric patients, Regiocit is…
Verbatim from this product's MHRA label. Tap a section to expand.
Posology The rate at which Regiocit is administered depends on the targeted citrate dose and the prescribed blood flow rate (BFR). The prescription of Regiocit must consider the flow rates of the effluent and other therapeutic fluids, the patient’s fluid removal requirements, additional fluid inputs and outputs, and the desired acid-base and electrolyte balance.
Regiocit should be prescribed and administration (dose, infusion rate, and cumulative volume) should be established only by a physician experienced in critical care medicine and CRRT. The pre-filter infusion rate of Regiocit must be prescribed and adapted relative to the blood flow rate to achieve a target blood citrate concentration of 3 to 4 mmol/l of blood.
35 mmol/l. The patient’s systemic ionized calcium concentration should be maintained in the normal physiologic range by adjustment of calcium supplementation. , dialysate and/or replacement fluid). Regiocit must be used together with a dialysis solution/replacement solution with appropriate bicarbonate concentration.
A separate infusion of calcium is always required. Adjust or stop calcium infusion according to physician’s prescription when anticoagulation is stopped. 4). Plasma levels of sodium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphate should be monitored regularly and should be supplemented as needed.
5 l/h with a blood flow rate between 100 and 200 ml/min. • In continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration o 1-2 l/h with a blood flow rate between 100 and 200 ml/min.
Paediatric population:
For neonates to toddlers (0 to 23 months) Regiocit should target a dose of 3 mmol citrate per litre of blood flow in continuous veno-venous haemofiltration or haemodiafiltration. For children (2 to 11 years) dosage should be adapted to both the weight of the patient and the blood flow rate.
Special populations:
In the elderly population there is no specific modification of the dosage compared to adults. , Child-Pugh ≤12). g. 4). Frequent monitoring of citrate accumulation is advised. 3). Method of administration For intravenous use. Regiocit must be used with appropriate extracorporeal renal replacement equipment intended for CRRT in pre-dilution mode only, using a dedicated pump for citrate anticoagulation where the solution flow rate is automatically adapted based on an operator set target dose (mmol citrate/l blood).
Undesirable effects can result from the Regiocit solution or the dialysis treatment. 4. g. g. 4) Vascular disorder Not known Hypotension* Gastrointestinal disorder Not known Nausea* Vomiting* Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Not known Muscle spasms* * undesirable effects related to the dialysis treatment Reporting of suspected adverse reactions Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important.
It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. uk/yellowcard.
Regiocit is not for direct intravenous infusion. It should be used in predilution only, with appropriate extracorporeal renal replacement equipment intended for CRRT. The dialysis machine must be suitable for citrate anticoagulation.
Regiocit may be warmed to 37°C to enhance patient comfort. Warming of the solution prior to use should be done with dry heat only. Solutions should not be heated in water or in a microwave oven due to the potential for patient injury or discomfort.
Regiocit should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Do not administer unless the solution is clear and the seal is intact. Use only if the overwrap and solution bag are undamaged.
Use of a contaminated solution may cause sepsis and shock. Considering the composition of Regiocit, other solutions used in the treatment must have appropriate hydrogen carbonate concentration. Regiocit contains citrate, which can influence the patient’s electrolyte and acid–base balance.
The patient’s haemodynamic status, fluid balance, glucose level, electrolyte and acid/base balance should be closely monitored before and during treatment. Closely monitor sodium, magnesium, potassium, phosphate, and calcium. Blood concentration and patients’ needs should be assessed several times daily including assessment of infusate inputs and all outputs.
9). Regiocit contains no calcium, and may lead to systemic ionized hypocalcaemia due to loss of calcium bound to citrate in the effluent and/or in the case of systemic citrate accumulation. Regiocit contains no magnesium. Use of Regiocit may result in hypomagnesaemia due to CRRT effluent losses.
Patient should be monitored as infusion of magnesium may be necessary. Regiocit contains no glucose. Administration of Regiocit may lead to hypoglycaemia. Blood glucose levels should be monitored regularly. Regiocit contains no potassium.
1. Severely impaired liver function Shock with muscle hypoperfusion
Not medical advice. Always read the patient information leaflet and follow your prescriber or pharmacist.
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Regiocit should be used only by, or under the direction of, a physician competent in the application of regional citrate anticoagulation in CRRT.
The serum potassium concentration must be monitored before and during CRRT. g. 3), metabolism of citrate may be markedly reduced and patients exposed to accumulation of citrate. If haemofiltration with citrate is applied in these patients, more frequent monitoring of citrate accumulation is advised.
If the liver and skeletal muscles fail to metabolise citrate, hydrogen carbonate is not produced and citrate can accumulate. Metabolic acidosis and ionized hypocalcaemia ensue. Accumulation of citrate can be detected by monitoring ionized calcium, total calcium and hydrogen carbonate concentration in the blood.
If citrate accumulates, the ratio of total to ionized calcium in the blood rises. 3, the citrate buffer should be reduced or stopped. To correct for metabolic acidosis, hydrogen carbonate has to be replaced. CRRT can be continued without anticoagulation or other means of anticoagulation have to be considered.
9) causes acute hypocalcaemia and metabolic alkalosis and may expose patient to neurologic and cardiac complications. Treatment consists of discontinuation of the citrate infusion and the infusion of calcium. Systemic hypocalcaemia (low ionized calcium) may be the result of two different mechanisms: • Insufficient compensation of calcium loss with citrate through the filter (low ionized calcium and low total calcium) which requires adjusting the flow rate of calcium solution for supplementation; • Accumulation of citrate as a result of poor metabolism in the liver and muscles (high total calcium/ionized calcium ratio) which requires partial or complete switch from Regiocit to a replacement solution without citrate (continuous venovenous haemofiltration) or combined reduction or stopping of Regiocit flow rate and increase of the dialysate flow rate to increase the removal of citrate (continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration).
Systemic hypercalcaemia High total calcium with high ionized calcium may happen due to excessive perfusion of the calcium replacement solution. It requires reduction in the calcium solution flow rate. High total calcium with high total calcium to ionized calcium ratio maybe the result of calcium citrate accumulation in relation to excessive flow rate of citrate or inability to metabolize a sufficient amount of citrate.
It should lead to reduction or discontinuation of citrate infusion. Metabolic acidosis Citrate may accumulate if the liver and skeletal muscles fail to provide adequate metabolism of citric acid which can occur in liver cirrhosis or acute liver failure.
In these cases, citric acid accumulates and metabolic acidosis results. In these patients, the classical anion gap rises as well, reflecting the increase in ionized citrate. In most circumstances, lactate also accumulates. Metabolic acidosis as a result of a failure to metabolize citric acid can be diagnosed early by routine metabolic monitoring.
If citrate accumulation develops and/or metabolic acidosis develops or worsens during therapy with Regiocit, the infusion rate may need to be decreased or its administration stopped. Metabolic alkalosis Some patients require and tolerate high citrate infusion rates to maintain ionized calcium levels in the extracorporeal circuit within the desired range.
Regiocit contains citrate, which contributes to the overall buffer load. Additional sodium hydrogen carbonate (or buffer source) contained in the CRRT fluids or in other fluids administered during therapy may increase the risk of metabolic alkalosis.
Metabolic alkalosis may occur if the net citrate administration rate exceeds that which is […]