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KETAMINE is a brand name for Ketamine, supplied as a solution. The medicine, its uses, side effects and dosage are the same regardless of brand.
Verbatim from this product's HC label. Tap a section to expand.
Ketamine Injection, BP is contraindicated: in persons with a history of cerebrovascular accident. in those in whom a significant elevation of blood pressure would constitute a serious hazard, such as patients with significant hypertension.
in persons with severe cardiac decompensation. in surgery of the pharynx, larynx, or bronchial tree unless adequate muscle relaxants are used. in those showing hypersensitivity to ketamine. WARNINGS 1. Ketamine Injection, BP is for use only by or under the direction of physicians experienced in administering general anesthetics and in maintenance of an airway and in the control of respiration.
2. Cardiac function should be continually monitored during the procedure in patients found to have hypertension or cardiac decompensation. 3. Hepatocellular and cholestatic pattern of elevations in liver enzymes as well as biliary ductal dilatations and hepatic fibrosis have been reported following exposure to ketamine especially with repeated doses, chronic use or misuse.
Regular monitoring of liver function is recommended with repeated use of ketamine. Treatment discontinuation should be considered. 4. Barbiturates and Ketamine Injection, BP, being chemically incompatible because of precipitate formation, should not be injected from the same syringe.
5. Barbiturates and narcotics, being central nervous system depressants, may prolong recovery time if used concurrently with Ketamine Injection, BP. 6. Postoperative confusional states may occur during the recovery period (see item 6 under Precautions).
7. Respiratory depression may occur with overdosage or too rapid administration of Ketamine Injection, BP, in which case supportive ventilation should be employed. Mechanical support of respiration is preferred to administration of analeptics.
KET AMINE INJECT ION, BP (ketamine hydrochloride) Product Monograph Page 5 of 16 8. An increase in cerebrospinal fluid pressure has been reported following the administration of ketamine hydrochloride. Special caution should be exercised when using Ketamine Injection, BP in cases with pre-existing elevated intracranial pressure, and in those cases with normal intracranial pressure in which, in the opinion of the physician, a rise in such pressure would entail special risks.
Use with extreme caution in patients with preanesthetic elevated cerebrospinal pressure. 9. Although animal studies of teratogenicity, fertility, and reproduction supported the safety of ketamine hydrochloride, its safe use in human pregnancy has not been established (see Precautions).
10. The safety of epidural administration of Ketamine Injection, BP has not been established and is therefore not recommended. A case of paraplegia with sensory deficit and partial recovery in Human has been reported following epidural administration of Ketamine.
Not medical advice. Always read the patient information leaflet and follow your prescriber or pharmacist.
Other brands of Ketamine in Canada.
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Brand names are compiled from public regulatory records for active-ingredient mapping only. Drugvu is not affiliated with any manufacturer. This is not medical advice.
Studies done on the neurotoxicity of Ketamine on the spinal cord were inconclusive. More studies investigating the neurotoxicity and clinical effects of ketamine hydrochloride on the spinal cord must be done before epidural administration of Ketamine Injection, BP can be recommended.
11. Ketamine Injection, BP should only be used after careful consideration of the benefit/risk assessment. PRECAUTIONS 1. Because pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes are usually active, ketamine should not be used alone in surgery or diagnostic procedures of the pharynx, larynx, or bronchial tree.
Mechanical stimulation of the pharynx should be avoided, whenever possible if ketamine is used alone. Muscle relaxants with proper attention to respiration, may be required in both of these instances. 2. Precautions should be used in patients with upper respiratory infection because of the increased danger of respiratory difficulties, such as laryngospasm, in these cases.
3. Resuscitative equipment should be available and ready for use. 4. The initial intravenous dose should be administered over a period of 60 seconds. More rapid administration may result in respiratory depression and enhanced pressor response.
5. In surgical procedures involving visceral pain pathways, Ketamine Injection, BP should be supplemented with an agent that obtunds visceral pain. 6. During recovery from anesthesia, the patient may go through a phase of emergence reaction characterized by vivid dreams, dream-like states, confusion (with or without psychomotor activity), excitement, delirium, irrational behavior and occasionally hallucinations.
In some cases KET AMINE INJECT ION, BP (ketamine hydrochloride) Product Monograph Page 6 of 16 these states have been accompanied by confusion, excitement, and irrational behavior which a few patients recall as an unpleasant experience.
The duration ordinarily is no more than a few hours; in a few cases, however, recurrences have taken place up to 24 hours postoperatively. No residual psychological effects are known to have resulted from the use of ketamine. In 12,283 procedures, post anesthetic emergence responses were broken down in the following parameters and the incidence of reaction was: Reaction Number Percent Percent In 15 to 35 Yrs.
4 tSome procedures have multiple emergence reactions, therefore the overall rate is less than the sum of the reactions. As this table shows, the emergence reactions are more common in the 15 to 35 years group. The reactions tabled above occurred in the majority of instances in patients in whom droperidol or diazepam had not been used as premedications (see reference “Dosage and Administration”).
The incidence of these emergence phenomena is least in the young (15 years of age or less) and elderly (over 65 years of age) patient. Also, they are less frequent when the drug is given intramusculary and the incidence is […]