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5% SODIUM CHLORIDE is a brand name for Sodium Chloride, supplied as a solution. The medicine, its uses, side effects and dosage are the same regardless of brand.
Used for: 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is indicated for use in adults and pediatric patients as a source of electrolytes and water for hydration. This solution is of particular value in severe salt depletion when rapid electrolyte restoration is of paramount importance. The low salt syndrome may occur in the presence of…
Verbatim from this product's HC label. Tap a section to expand.
5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is for intravenous use only. 1 Dosing Considerations Dosage is to be directed by a physician and is dependent upon age, weight, clinical condition of the patient and laboratory determinations. Frequent laboratory determinations and clinical evaluation are essential to monitor changes in blood glucose and electrolyte concentrations, and fluid and electrolyte balance during prolonged parenteral therapy.
When a hypertonic solution is to be administered peripherally, it should be slowly infused through a small bore needle, placed well within the lumen of a large vein to minimize venous irritation. Carefully avoid infiltration. 2 Recommended Dose and Dosage Adjustment Maximum intravenous dosage should be 100 mL given over a period of one hour.
Before additional amounts are given, the serum electrolyte concentrations, including chloride and bicarbonate, should be determined to evaluate the need for more sodium chloride. Fluid administration should be based on calculated maintenance or replacement fluid requirements for each patient.
Intravenous administration of these solutions should not exceed 100 mL/hour or 400 mL/24 hours. 3 Administration 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is intended for intravenous administration using sterile equipment. It is recommended that intravenous administration apparatus be replaced at least once every 24 hours.
Use only if solution is clear and container and seals are intact. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Administration with Additives Some additives may be incompatible.
Consult with pharmacist. When introducing additives, use aseptic technique. Mix thoroughly. Do not store. To minimize the risk of possible incompatibilities arising from mixing this solution with other additives that may be prescribed, the final infusate should be inspected for cloudiness or precipitation immediately after mixing, prior to administration, and periodically during administration.
Directions for use of Excel Container Caution:
Do not use plastic containers in series connection. 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP Prescribing Information Page 5 of 10 To Open Tear overwrap down at notch and remove solution container. Check for minute leaks by squeezing solution container firmly.
Reactions which may occur because of the solution or the technique of administration include febrile response, infection at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection, extravasation and hypervolemia.
Too rapid infusion of hypertonic solutions may cause local pain and venous irritation. Rate of administration should be adjusted according to tolerance. Use of the largest peripheral vein and a well-placed small bore needle is recommended.
) 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP Prescribing Information Page 9 of 10 The physician should also be alert to the possibility of adverse reactions to drug additives. Prescribing information for drug additives to be administered in this manner should be consulted.
Symptoms may result from an excess or deficit of one or more of the ions present in the solution; therefore, frequent monitoring of electrolyte levels is essential. Hypernatremia may be associated with edema and exacerbation of congestive heart failure due to the retention of water, resulting in an expanded extracellular fluid volume.
If infused in large amounts, chloride ions may cause a loss of bicarbonate ions, resulting in an acidifying effect. If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.
Please see the Serious Warnings and Precautions Box at the beginning of Part I:
Health Professional Information. General 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is a concentrated hypertonic solution. Infuse very slowly with constant observation of the patient to avoid pulmonary edema. The administration of intravenous solutions can cause fluid and/or solute overload resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states or pulmonary edema.
The risk of dilutional states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentration. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentration.
5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP Prescribing Information Page 7 of 10 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states in which there is sodium retention with edema.
5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP should be used with care in patients with hypervolemia, renal insufficiency, urinary tract obstruction, or impending or frank cardiac decompensation. Extraordinary electrolyte losses such as may occur during protracted nasogastric suction, vomiting, diarrhea or gastrointestinal fistula drainage may necessitate additional electrolyte supplementation.
Additional essential electrolytes, minerals and vitamins should be supplied as needed. Sodium-containing solutions should be administered with caution to patients receiving corticosteroids or corticotropin, or to other salt-retaining patients.
Care should be exercised in administering solutions containing sodium to patients with renal or cardiovascular insufficiency, with or without congestive heart failure, particularly if they are postoperative or elderly. Excessive infusion of hypertonic sodium chloride solutions may supply more sodium and chloride than normally found in serum and can exceed normal tolerance, resulting in hypernatremia.
5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is contraindicated in the presence of elevated, normal, or only slightly decreased plasma electrolyte concentrations, or when additives of sodium and chloride could be clinically detrimental. 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to this drug or to any ingredient in the formulation or component of the container.
For a complete listing, see the Dosage Form, Strengths, Composition and Packaging section of the Prescribing Information.
Not medical advice. Always read the patient information leaflet and follow your prescriber or pharmacist.
Other brands of Sodium Chloride in Canada.
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Brand names are compiled from public regulatory records for active-ingredient mapping only. Drugvu is not affiliated with any manufacturer. This is not medical advice.
If leaks are found, discard solution as sterility may be impaired. If supplemental medication is desired, follow directions below before preparing for administration.
NOTE:
Before use, perform the following checks: Inspect each container. Read the label. Ensure solution is the one ordered and is within the expiration date. Invert container and carefully inspect the solution in good light for cloudiness, haze, or particulate matter.
Any container, which is suspect, should not be used. Use only if solution is clear and container and seals are intact. Preparation for Administration 1. Remove plastic protector from sterile set port at bottom of container. 2. Attach administration set.
Refer to complete directions accompanying set.
To Add Medication Warning:
Some additives may be incompatible. Addition of medication should be accomplished using complete aseptic technique. To Add Medication before Solution Administration 1. Prepare medication site. 2. Using syringe with 18–22 gauge needle, puncture medication port and inner diaphragm and inject.
3. Squeeze and tap ports while ports are upright and mix solution and medication thoroughly. To Add Medication during Solution Administration 1. Close clamp on the set. 2. Prepare medication site. 3. Using syringe with 18–22 gauge needle of appropriate length (at least 5/8 inch), puncture resealable medication port and inner diaphragm and inject.
4. Remove container from IV pole and/or turn to an upright position. 5. Evacuate both ports by tapping and squeezing them while container is in the upright position. 6. Mix solution and medication thoroughly. 7. Return container to in use position and continue administration.
Infusion of excess chloride ions may cause a loss of bicarbonate, resulting in an acidifying effect. Do not use plastic containers in series connection. If administration is controlled by a pumping device, care must be taken to discontinue pumping action before the container runs dry or air embolism may result.
If administration is not controlled by a pumping device, refrain from applying excessive pressure (>300mmHg) causing distortion to the container such as wringing or twisting. Such handling could result in breakage of the container. Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis Studies with 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP have not been performed to evaluate carcinogenic potential or mutagenic potential.
Monitoring and Laboratory Tests Clinical evaluation and periodic laboratory determinations are necessary to monitor changes in fluid balance, electrolyte concentrations, and acid-base balance during prolonged parenteral therapy or whenever the condition of the patient warrants such evaluation.
Significant deviations from normal concentrations may require tailoring of the electrolyte pattern, in these or alternative solutions. Renal In patients with diminished renal function, administration of 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP may result in sodium retention.
5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP Prescribing Information Page 8 of 10 Sexual Health Reproduction Studies with 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP have not been performed to evaluate effects on fertility. 1 Pregnant Women There are no adequate data from the use of 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP in pregnant women.
Healthcare Practitioners should carefully consider the potential risks and benefits for each specific patient before administering of 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP. 2 Breast-feeding There are no adequate data from the use of 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP in lactating women.
Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when 5% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is administered with any other additives to a nursing woman. 3 Pediatrics Safety and effectiveness of 5% Sodium Chloride Injection in pediatric patients have not been established by adequate and well controlled trials; however, the use of electrolyte solutions in the pediatric population is referenced in the medical literature.
The warnings, precautions and adverse reactions identified in the label copy should be observed in the pediatric population. 4 Geriatrics An evaluation of current literature revealed no clinical experience identifying differences in response between elderly and younger patients.
In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.