OXYBUTYNIN HYDROCHLORIDE

5 mg three times daily. Thereafter, the lowest effective dose should be selected. The daily dose may vary between 10 and 15 mg per day (maximum dose is 20 mg per day) divided into 2-3 (max. 4) doses.

Elderly:

The elimination half-life is increased in the elderly. 5mg twice a day, particularly if the patient is frail, is likely to be adequate. This dose may be titrated upwards to 5mg two times a day to obtain a clinical response provided the side effects are well tolerated.

Children (under 5 years of age):

The safety and efficacy of oxybutynin hydrochloride in children below 5 years of age has not been established. No data are available. 5 mg twice daily. Thereafter, the lowest effective dose should be selected. 5mg twice a day. This dose may be titrated upwards to 5mg two or three times a day to obtain a clinical response provided the side effects are well tolerated.

5 mg twice a day. This dose may be titrated upwards to 5mg two or three times a day to obtain a clinical response provided the side effects are tolerated. The last dose should be given before bedtime. The tablets can be taken on an empty stomach.

The tablet should be swallowed whole, with appropriate amount of water. Method of administration The tablets have to be swallowed with plenty of fluid and may be taken on an empty stomach. If gastric irritation occurs the tablets may also be taken during meals or with some milk.

Like all medicines, oxybutynin can cause undesirable effects, although not everybody gets them. The frequency of possible undesirable effects listed below are currently defined as: Very common (≥1/10); common (≥1/100 to <1/10); uncommon (≥1/1,000 to <1/100); rare (≥1/10,000 to <1/1,000); very rare (<1/10,000), not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).

ADVERSE REACTIONS REPORTED System Organ Class Frequency Adverse Reaction (MedDRA Terms) Infections and Infestations Not known urinary tract infection Immune System Disorders Not known hypersensitivity Common confusional statePsychiatric Disorders Not known agitation, anxiety, cognitive disorders in elderly, hallucinations, nightmares, paranoia, symptoms of depression, dependence to oxybutynin (in patients with history of drug or substance abuse) Very common dizziness, headache, somnolenceNervous System Disorders Not known cognitive disorders, convulsions, drowsiness, disorientation Very common vision blurred Common dry eyes Eye Disorders Not known angle closure glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure, mydriasis Not known arrhythmia, tachycardiaCardiac Disorders Common palpitation Vascular Disorders Common flushing (which may be more marked in children) Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders Not known epistaxis Very common constipation, dry mouth, nausea Common diarrhoea, vomiting Uncommon abdominal discomfort, anorexia, decreased appetite, dysphagia Gastrointestinal Disorders Not known gastroesophageal reflux, pseudoobstruction in patients at risk (elderly or patients with constipation and treated with other drugs that decrease intestinal motility) Very common dry skinSkin and Subcutaneous Not known angioedema, hypohidrosis, rash, urticaria, Tissue Disorders photosensitivity Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Not known Muscle disorders manifested as muscle weakness, myalgia and/ or muscle spasms Common urinary retentionRenal and Urinary Disorders Not known difficulty in micturition Injury, Poisoning and Procedural Complications Not known heat stroke Reporting of suspected adverse reactions Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important.

It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.

Oxybutynin should be used with caution in patients with Parkinson’s disease who are at greater risk of occurrence of adverse reactions to the product and in patients with autonomic neuropathy (such as those with Parkinson’s disease), severe gastro- intestinal motility disorders, hepatic or renal impairment.

Anticholinergic medicinal products may decrease gastrointestinal motility and should be used with caution in patients with gastrointestinal obstructive disorders, intestinal atony and ulcerative colitis. Oxybutynin may aggravate cognitive disorders, symptoms of prostatic hypertrophy and tachycardia (thus be cautious in case of hyperthyroidism, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia, coronary heart disease, hypertension).

Anticholinergic CNS effects (such as hallucinations, agitation, confusion, somnolence) have been reported. Monitoring recommended, particularly in first few months after initiating therapy or increasing the dose. If anticholinergic CNS effects develop, termination of treatment or dose reduction may be considered.

Since oxybutynin can cause narrow-angle glaucoma, patients should be advised to contact a physician immediately if they are aware of a sudden loss of visual acuity or ocular pain. Oxybutynin may reduce salivary secretions which could result in dental caries, parodontosis or oral candidiasis.

Anticholinergic medicinal products should be used with caution in patients who have hiatus hernia/gastro-oesophageal reflux and/or who are concurrently taking medicinal products (such as bisphosphonates) that can cause or exacerbate oesophagitis.

When oxybutynin is used in high environmental temperatures, this can cause heat prostration due to decreased sweating. Elderly Anticholinergic medicinal products should be used with caution in elderly patients due to the risk of cognitive impairment.

They also have a higher risk of occurrence of adverse reactions to the product. Paediatric population The use of oxybutynin in children under 5 years of age is not recommended; it has not been established whether oxybutynin can be safely used in this age group.

There is limited evidence supporting the use of oxybutynin in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (not related to detrusor overactivity). In children over 5 years of age, oxybutynin hydrochloride should be used with caution as they may be more sensitive to the effects of the product, particularly the CNS and psychiatric adverse reactions.

Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, total lactase deficiency, or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.

1. Narrow-angle glaucoma or shallow anterior chamber. Myasthenia gravis. Gastrointestinal obstructive disorders including paralytic ileus, intestinal atony. Patients with severe ulcerative colitis. Patients with toxic megacolon. Patients with bladder outflow obstruction where urinary retention may be precipitated.