Loading…
MORPHINE is a brand name for Morphine. The medicine, its uses, side effects and dosage are the same regardless of brand.
Used for: For the relief of severe pain.
Verbatim from this product's MHRA label. Tap a section to expand.
Posology Adults:
Recommended dose: 10-20 mg (5-10 ml) every 4 hours. 5-10 ml) every 4 hours. 5-5 ml) every 4 hours. 5 ml) every 4 hours.
Maximum daily dose: 30 mg per day Children under 1 year:
Not recommended. Dosage can be increased under medical supervision according to the severity of the pain and the patient's previous history of analgesic requirements. 3), renal impairment, severe hypothyroidism, adrenocortical insufficiency, prostatic hypertrophy, shock or where sedation is undesirable.
Treatment goals and discontinuation Before initiating treatment with Morphine Oral solution, a treatment strategy including treatment duration and treatment goals, and a plan for end of the treatment, should be agreed together with the patient, in accordance with pain management guidelines.
During treatment, there should be frequent contact between the physician and the patient to evaluate the need for continued treatment, consider discontinuation and to adjust dosages if needed. When a patient no longer requires therapy with Morphine Oral Solution, it may be advisable to taper the dose gradually to prevent symptoms of withdrawal.
4). Duration of treatment Morphine Oral Solution should not be used longer than necessary. Method of Administration For oral use. When patients are transferred from other morphine preparations to Morphine Oral Solution dosage titration may be appropriate.
Morphine Sulfate is readily absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract following oral administration. However, when Morphine Oral Solution is used in place of parenteral morphine, a 50% to 100% increase in dosage is usually required in order to achieve the same level of analgesia.
In normal doses the commonest side effects of morphine sulfate are respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness and confusion. If constipation occurs, this may be treated with appropriate laxatives. The effects of morphine have led to its abuse and misuse.
Dependence and addiction may develop with regular, inappropriate use. Adverse effects can be listed in terms of their frequency of occurrence: - Very common (>1/10) - Common (>1/100 to <1/10) - Uncommon (>1/1,000 to <1/100) - Not known (cannot be estimated from available data) Data from clinical trials are not available.
Therefore, it is not possible to provide information on the frequencies of undesirable effects. A full list of currently known adverse reactions is presented below. 6) Hepatobiliary disorders Biliary colic Spasm of sphincter of Oddi Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders Urticaria Pruritus Hyperhidrosis Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Muscle rigidity Renal and urinary disorders Dysuria Utereral spasm Oliguria Reproductive system and breast disorders Decreased libido Erectile dysfunction These effects are more common in ambulant patients than in those who are bedridden.
Description of selected adverse reactions Drug dependence and withdrawal (abstinence) syndrome Repeated use of Morphine Oral Solution can lead to drug dependence, even at therapeutic doses. 4). Use of opioid analgesics may be associated with the development of physical and/or psychological dependence or tolerance.
An abstinence syndrome may be precipitated when opioid administration is suddenly discontinued, or opioid antagonists administered or can sometimes be experienced between doses. 4.
Physiological withdrawal symptoms include:
Body aches, tremors, restlessness, diarrhoea, abdominal cramps, nausea, tachycardia and mydriasis. Psychological symptoms include dysphoric mood, anxiety and irritability. In drug dependence, “drug craving” is often involved. Reporting of suspected adverse reactions Reporting suspected adverse reaction after authorisation of the medicinal product is important.
2), and where there is reduced respiratory function such as kyphoscoliosis, emphysema, cor pulmonale and severe obesity. Asthma It has been suggested that opioids can be used with caution in controlled asthma. 3). Sleep-related breathing disorders Opioids can cause sleep-related breathing disorders including central sleep apnoea (CSA) and sleep-related hypoxemia.
Opioid use increases the risk of CSA in a dose- dependent fashion. In patients who present with CSA, consider decreasing the total opioid dosage. 3). The capacity of morphine to elevate cerebrospinal fluid pressure may be greatly increased in the presence of already elevated intracranial pressure produced by trauma.
Also, morphine may produce confusion, miosis, vomiting and other adverse reactions which may obscure the clinical course of patients with head injury. 3) or if the patient has bowel or obstructive biliary disease. Should paralytic ileus be suspected or occur during use, Oral Morphine Solution should be discontinued immediately.
Caution should be exercised where there is an obstructive bowel disorder, biliary colic, operations on the biliary tract, acute pancreatitis or prostatic hyperplasia. If constipation occurs, this may be treated with the appropriate laxatives.
Care should be exercised in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Morphine may obscure the diagnosis or clinical course of patients with acute abdominal conditions and complications following abdominal surgery. 5). Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), which can be life-threatening or fatal, has been reported in association with morphine treatment.
Most of these reactions occurred within the first 10 days of treatment. Patients should be informed about the signs and symptoms of AGEP and advised to seek medical care if they experience such symptoms. If signs and symptoms suggestive of these skin reactions appear, morphine should be withdrawn and an alternative treatment considered.
5) • patients with phaeochromocytoma. 4 for information relating to use in controlled asthma)
Not medical advice. Always read the patient information leaflet and follow your prescriber or pharmacist.
Other brands of Morphine in United Kingdom.
Know a brand we are missing in United Kingdom? Suggest a brand →
Brand names are compiled from public regulatory records for active-ingredient mapping only. Drugvu is not affiliated with any manufacturer. This is not medical advice.
It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.
Hepatobiliary disorders Morphine may cause dysfunction and spasm of the sphincter of Oddi, thus raising intrabiliary pressure and increasing the risk of biliary tract symptoms and pancreatitis. Opioid Use Disorder (abuse and dependence) Tolerance and physical and/or psychological dependence may develop upon repeated administration of opioids such as Morphine Oral Solution.
Repeated use of Morphine Oral Solution can lead to Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). A higher dose and longer duration of opioid treatment, can increase the risk of developing OUD. Abuse or intentional misuse of Morphine Oral Solution may result in overdose and/or death.
The risk of developing OUD is increased in patients with a personal or a family history (parents or siblings) of substance use disorders (including alcohol use disorder), in current tobacco users or in patients with a personal history of other mental health disorders (eg.
major depression, anxiety and personality disorders). 2). Before and during treatment the patient should also be informed about the risks and signs of OUD. If these signs occur, patients should be advised to contact their physician. g.
too early requests for refills). This includes the review of concomitant opioids and psycho- active drugs (like benzodiazepines). For patients with signs and symptoms of OUD, consultation with an addiction specialist should be considered.
Additional support and monitoring may be necessary when prescribing for patients at risk of opioid misuse. A comprehensive patient history should be taken to document concomitant medications, including over- the-counter medicines and medicines obtained on-line, and past and present medical and psychiatric conditions.
Patients may find that treatment is less effective with chronic use and express a need to increase the dose to obtain the same level of pain control as initially experienced. Patients may also supplement their treatment with additional pain relievers.
These could be signs that the patient is developing tolerance. The risks of developing tolerance should be explained to the patient. Overuse or misuse may result in overdose and/or death. It is important that patients only use medicines that are prescribed for them at the dose they have been prescribed and do not give this medicine to anyone else.
Patients should be closely monitored for signs of misuse, abuse, or addiction. The clinical need for analgesic treatment should be reviewed regularly. Drug withdrawal syndrome Prior to starting treatment with any opioids, a discussion should be held with patients to put in place a withdrawal strategy for ending treatment with Morphine Oral Solution.
Drug withdrawal syndrome may occur upon abrupt cessation of therapy or dose reduction. When a patient no longer requires therapy, it is advisable to taper the dose gradually to minimise symptoms of withdrawal. Tapering from a high dose may take weeks to months.
The opioid drug […]