ERLOTINIB SANDOZ is a brand name for Erlotinib. The medicine, its uses, side effects and dosage are the same regardless of brand.
Used for: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Erlotinib is indicated for the first-line treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR activating mutations. Erlotinib is also indicated for switch maintenance treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC…
Verbatim from this product's MHRA label. Tap a section to expand.
Erlotinib treatment should be supervised by a physician experienced in the use of anti-cancer therapies. 1) The recommended daily dose of Erlotinib is 150 mg taken at least one hour before or two hours after the ingestion of food.
Patients with pancreatic cancer:
The recommended daily dose of Erlotinib is 100 mg taken at least one hour before or two hours after the ingestion of food, in combination with gemcitabine (see the summary of product characteristics of gemcitabine for the pancreatic cancer indication).
1). 4). Erlotinib is not available in 50 mg strength. For these dosages, you should take other medicinal products available on the market. Erlotinib is available in strengths of 25 mg, 100 mg and 150 mg. 5).
Hepatic impairment:
Erlotinib is eliminated by hepatic metabolism and biliary excretion. Although erlotinib exposure was similar in patients with moderately impaired hepatic function (Child- Pugh score 7-9) compared with patients with adequate hepatic function, caution should be used when administering Erlotinib to patients with hepatic impairment.
Dose reduction or interruption of Erlotinib should be considered if severe adverse reactions occur. The safety and efficacy of erlotinib has not been studied in patients with severe hepatic dysfunction (AST/SGOT and ALT/SGPT> 5 x ULN).
2). 5 times the upper normal limit). 2). Use of Erlotinib in patients with severe renal impairment is not recommended. Paediatric population The safety and efficacy of erlotinib in the approved indications has not been established in patients under the age of 18 years.
Use of Erlotinib in paediatric patients is not recommended.
Smokers:
Cigarette smoking has been shown to reduce erlotinib exposure by 50-60%. The maximum tolerated dose of Erlotinib in NSCLC patients who currently smoke cigarettes was 300 mg. The 300 mg dose did not show improved efficacy in second line treatment after failure of chemotherapy compared to the recommended 150 mg dose in patients who continue to smoke cigarettes.
Safety data were comparable between the 300 mg and 150 mg doses; however, there was a numerical increase in the incidence of rash, interstitial lung disease and diarrhoea, in patients receiving the higher dose of erlotinib. 2).
Safety evaluation of erlotinib is based on the data from more than 1500 patients treated with at least one 150 mg dose of erlotinib monotherapy and more than 300 patients who received erlotinib 100 or 150 mg in combination with gemcitabine.
The incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) from clinical trials reported with erlotinib alone or in combination with chemotherapy are summarised by National Cancer Institute – Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI – CTC) Grade in Table 1.
The listed ADRs were those reported in at least 10% (in the erlotinib group) of patients and occurred more frequently (>3%) in patients treated with erlotinib than in the comparator arm. Other ADRs including those from other studies are summarized in Table 2.
Adverse drug reactions from clinical trials (Table 1) and other ADRs (Table 2) are listed by MedDRA system organ class. The corresponding frequency category for each adverse drug reaction is based on the following convention: Very common (≥1/10) Common (≥1/100 to <1/10) Uncommon (≥1/1,000 to <1/100) Rare (≥1/10,000 to <1/1,000) Very rare (<1/10,000) Not known (cannot be estimated from the available data) Within each frequency grouping, adverse reactions are presented in order of decreasing seriousness.
Non-small cell lung cancer (Erlotinib administered as monotherapy):
First- Line Treatment of Patients with EGFR Mutations In an open-label, randomised phase III study, ML20650 conducted in 154 patients, the safety of erlotinib for first-line treatment of NSCLC patients with EGFR activating mutations was assessed in 75 patients; no new safety signals were observed in these patients.
The most frequent ADRs seen in patients treated with erlotinib in study ML20650 were rash and diarrhoea (any Grade 80% and 57%, respectively), most were Grade 1/2 in severity and manageable without intervention. Grade 3 rash and diarrhoea occurred in 9% and 4% of patients, respectively.
Assessment of EGFR mutation status When considering the use of erlotinib as a first line or maintenance treatment for locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC, it is important that the EGFR mutation status of a patient is determined. A validated, robust, reliable and sensitive test with a pre-specified positivity threshold and demonstrated utility for the determination of EGFR mutation status, using either tumor DNA derived from a tissue sample or circulating free DNA (cfDNA) obtained from a blood (plasma) sample, should be performed according to local medical practice.
If a plasma-based cfDNA test is used and the result is negative for activating mutations, perform a tissue test wherever possible due to the potential for false negative results from a plasma-based test. Smokers Current smokers should be advised to stop smoking, as plasma concentrations of erlotinib in smokers as compared to non-smokers are reduced.
2). Interstitial Lung Disease Cases of interstitial lung disease (ILD)-like events, including fatalities, have been reported uncommonly in patients receiving erlotinib for treatment of non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer or other advanced solid tumours.
8%) was the same in both the placebo and erlotinib groups. 4% in patients in the control arms. 4% in the placebo plus gemcitabine treated group. Reported diagnoses in patients suspected of having ILD-like events included pneumonitis, radiation pneumonitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, interstitial pneumonia, interstitial lung disease, obliterative bronchiolitis, pulmonary fibrosis, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), alveolitis, and lung infiltration.
Symptoms started from a few days to several months after initiating erlotinib therapy. Confounding or contributing factors such as concomitant or prior chemotherapy, prior radiotherapy, pre-existing parenchymal lung disease, metastatic lung disease, or pulmonary infections were frequent.
1.
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No Grade 4 rash or diarrhoea was observed. Both rash and diarrhoea resulted in discontinuation of erlotinib in 1% of patients. Dose modifications (interruptions or reductions) for rash and diarrhoea were needed in 11% and 7% of patients, respectively.
Maintenance treatment In two other double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled Phase III studies BO18192 (SATURN) and BO25460 (IUNO); erlotinib was administered as maintenance after first-line chemotherapy. These studies were conducted in a total of 1532 patients with advanced, recurrent or metastatic NSCLC following first-line standard platinum-based chemotherapy, no new safety signals were identified.
5%). No Grade 4 rash or diarrhoea was observed in either study. Rash and diarrhoea resulted in discontinuation of erlotinib in 1% and <1% of patients, respectively, in study BO18192, while no patients discontinued for rash or diarrhoea in BO25460.
8% of patients respectively, in study BO25460. 21; erlotinib administered as second line therapy), rash (75%) and diarrhoea (54%) were the most commonly reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Most were Grade 1/2 in severity and manageable without intervention.
Grade 3/4 rash and diarrhoea occurred in 9% and 6%, respectively in erlotinib -treated patients and each resulted in study discontinuation in 1% of patients. Dose reduction for rash and diarrhoea was needed in 6% and 1% of patients, respectively.
21, the median time to onset of rash was 8 days, and the median time to onset of diarrhoea was 12 days. In general, rash manifests as a mild or moderate erythematous and papulopustular rash, which may occur or worsen in sun exposed areas.
g. mineral-containing) may be advisable. 3 in pancreatic cancer patients receiving erlotinib 100 mg plus gemcitabine were fatigue, rash and diarrhoea. In the erlotinib plus gemcitabine arm, Grade 3/4 rash and diarrhoea were each reported in 5% of patients.
The median time to onset of rash and diarrhoea was 10 days and 15 days, respectively. Rash and diarrhoea each resulted in dose reductions in 2% of patients, and resulted in study discontinuation in up to 1% of patients receiving erlotinib plus gemcitabine.
3) N = 259 Frequency category of highest incidence NCI-CTC Grade Any Grade 3 4 Any Grade 3 4 MedDRA Preferred Term % % % % % % Infections and infestations Infection* 24 4 0 31 3 <1 Very common Metabolism and nutrition disorders Anorexia 52 8 1 - - - Very common Weight decreased - - - 39 2 0 Very common Eye disorders Keratoconjunctivitis 12 0 0 - - - Very common Conjunctivitis 12 <1 0 - - - Very common Psychiatric disorders Depression - - - 19 2 0 Very common Nervous system disorders Neuropathy - - - 13 1 <1 Very common Very commonHeadache - - - 15 <1 0 Very common Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Dyspnoea 41 17 11 - - - Very common Cough 33 4 0 16 0 0 Very common Gastrointestinal disorders Diarrhoea** 54 6 <1 48 5 <1 Very common Nausea 33 3 0 - - - Very common Vomiting 23 2 <1 - - - Very common Stomatitis 17 <1 0 22 <1 0 […]
5%) is seen among patients in studies conducted in Japan. In patients who develop acute onset of new and/or progressive unexplained pulmonary symptoms such as dyspnoea, cough and fever, erlotinib therapy should be interrupted pending diagnostic evaluation.
Patients treated concurrently with erlotinib and gemcitabine should be monitored carefully for the possibility to develop ILD-like toxicity. 8). g. loperamide. In some cases dose reduction may be necessary. In the clinical studies doses were reduced by 50 mg steps.
Dose reductions by 25 mg steps have not been investigated. 8). There have been rare reports of hypokalaemia and renal failure (including fatalities). Some cases were secondary to severe dehydration due to diarrhoea, vomiting and/or anorexia, while others were confounded by concomitant chemotherapy.
In more severe or persistent cases of diarrhoea, or cases leading to dehydration, particularly in groups of patients with aggravating risk factors (especially concomitant chemotherapy and other medications, symptoms or diseases or other predisposing conditions including advanced age), erlotinib therapy should be interrupted and appropriate measures should be taken to intensively rehydrate the patients intravenously.
In addition, renal function and serum electrolytes including potassium should be monitored in patients at risk of dehydration. Hepatotoxicity Serious cases of drug induced liver injury (DILI) including hepatitis, acute hepatitis and hepatic failure (including fatalities) have been reported during use of erlotinib.
Risk factors may include pre-existing liver disease or concomitant hepatotoxic medications. Periodic liver function testing is recommended during treatment with erlotinib. The frequency of monitoring of liver function should be increased in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or biliary obstruction.
Prompt clinical evaluation and measurement of liver function tests should be performed in patients who report symptoms that may indicate liver injury. 8). Erlotinib is not recommended for use in patients with severe hepatic dysfunction.
Gastrointestinal perforation Patients receiving Erlotinib are at increased risk of developing gastrointestinal perforation, which was observed uncommonly (including some cases with a fatal outcome). Patients receiving concomitant anti-angiogenic agents, corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and/or taxane based chemotherapy, or who have prior history of peptic ulceration or diverticular disease are at increased risk.
8). Bullous and exfoliative skin disorders Bullous, blistering and exfoliative skin conditions have been reported, including very rare […]