ATROPINE SULFATE

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation:

Adults and children over 12 years The usual dose to treat asystole is 3mg in 10ml by intravenous injection, once only. If venous access is unavailable a single 3mg in 10ml dose of atropine may be administered via an endotracheal tube.

This should be followed by ventilation to aid drug absorption. If necessary this may be repeated to a total maximum dose of 6mg.

As an Antidote to Cholinesterase Inhibitors:

Adults and Children over 12 years 2mg by intravenous or intramuscular injection. Repeat dose every 5-10 minutes until signs of atropinisation appear.

As an Antidote to Organophosphate Pesticides and in Mushroom Poisoning:

Adults and children over 12 years 2mg by intravenous or intramuscular injection. Repeat dose every 10-30 minutes until muscarinic signs and symptoms subside.

In Arrhythmias:

Adults and children over 12 years The treatment of bradycardia associated with myocardial infarction 300mcg increasing to 1mg if necessary. Paediatric population Not recommended for children under 12 years.. Elderly As for adults, but use with caution.

Method of administration:

Atropine 3mg in 10ml is administered intravenously IV, intramuscular IM and exceptionally endotracheal ET.

The most commonly reported adverse events are due to the action of atropine on muscarinic and, at high doses, on nicotinic receptors. These effects are dose-related and usually reversible when therapy is discontinued.

Immune system disorders:

Anaphylaxis Psychiatric disorders: Nervousness, confusional state, especially in the elder1y. At higher doses hallucinations, restlessness, and delirium.

Eye disorders:

Dilatation of the pupils with loss of accommodation and photophobia, decrease in lachrymal secretion, increase in intraocular pressure.

Cardiac disorders:

Transient bradycardia followed by tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias. Vascular.

Flushing Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders:

Thickening of bronchial secretions.

Gastrointestinal disorders:

Dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, and constipation.

Renal and urinary disorders:

Urinary retention.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue:

Dry skin General: Thirst Reporting of suspected adverse reactions Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product.

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Use with caution in case of:

Prostatic enlargement Renal or hepatic insufficiency Cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias, hyperthyroidism Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as a reduction in bronchial secretions may lead to the formation of bronchial plugs. Reflux oesophagitis Fever, or when ambient temperature is high In the elderly, who are more susceptible to adverse effects.

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